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Date: Tue, 13 Jan 2009 18:53:39 -0500
To: TSCM-L2006_at_googlegroups.com
From: "James M. Atkinson" <jm..._at_tscm.com>
Subject: Re: [TSCM-L] {3260} Re: IBM announces MRI with 100 million
times better resolution
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Eric,
In TSCM we are extremely interested in the slightest variation in the
composition of a thing such as glue lines, or repainted items. N such
cases we want to know about things that are physically or chemical
different from the things nearby them.
We are also interested in extremely minute electromagnetic fields
that are in close proximity to something we are examining.
There are MRI machine available right now that are about the same
size as two kitchen refrigerators, and if this new development from
IBM works out in a five to ten years we could have portable MRI
machines that are a size of a couple of suitcases.
-jma
At 02:05 PM 1/13/2009, Eric Schmiedl wrote:
>Would you mind elaborating on the potential applications to TSCM?
>
>As far as I know, MRIs aren't exactly portable, and the very high
>magnetic (and RF) fields they use makes them problematic when you bring
>them into situations with ferromagnetic stuff (and radio gear).
>
>James M. Atkinson wrote:
> > There are some very interesting and profound TSCM applications for
> > this technology.
> >
> > -jma
> >
> >
> >
> > http://www.tgdaily.com/html_tmp/content-view-40969-113.html
> >
> > IBM announces MRI with 100 million times better resolution
> > Trendwatch
> > By Rick C. Hodgin
> >
> > Tuesday, January 13, 2009 07:00
> >
> > San Jose (CA) - In collaboration with the Center for Probing the
> > Nanoscale at Stanford University, today IBM announced a magnetic
> > resonance imaging (MRI) scanner with 100 million times better
> > resolution than convention MRIs - down to nanometer scales. The new
> > device operates on samples, not large scale bodies. However, with
> > such high resolution it has basically become a 3D replacement for the
> > scanning tunneling electron microscope able to see proteins and
> > viruses at scales down to 4nm.
> >
> > Full details of the device will be published in today's Proceedings
> > of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), and a video on YouTube
> > can be seen here. IBM believes the MRI at such high resolutions may
> > be able to "unravel the structure and interactions of proteins,
> > paving the way for new advances in personalized healthcare and
> > targeted medicine."
> >
> > According to Mark Dean, VP of strategy at IBM Research, "This
> > technology stands to revolutionize the way we look at viruses,
> > bacteria, proteins, and other biological elements."
> >
> > A technique called magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM), which
> > relies on detecting ultra-small magnetic forces, allowed for the
> > advancement. In addition to its high resolution which is comparable
> > in resolution that of a scanning electron microscope, the imaging
> > technique can see deep into structures and not just the topography.
> >
> > According to the press release, the IBM-led team was able to
> > visualize biological objects for the first time on MRI - including
> > viruses. They were able to see a tobacco mosaic virus, for example,
> > which is only 18 nanometers across, with resolutions produced by the
> > MRI down to 4 nanometers.
> >
> > Dan Rugar, manager of nanoscale studies at IBM Research, said, "Our
> > hope is that nano MRI will eventually allow us to directly image the
> > internal structure of individual protein molecules and molecular
> > complexes, which is key to understanding biological function."
> >
> > The IBM MRFM uses a magnetic sensor tip which picks up on the minute
> > magnetic forces of hydrogen atoms in the sample, called a resonant
> > slice. The slice sits beneath a tiny silicon cantilever which
> > vibrates in the presence of minute magnetic fields. Vibrations are
> > tracked by a laser interferometer, recording 3D details of whatever's
> > at that location. Image courtesy of IBM.
> >
> > Unlike conventional MRIs (which use gradient and imaging coils) on a
> > persons entire body, IBM's device is small scale. It uses MRFM to
> > "detect tiny magnetic forces as the sample sits on a microscopic
> > cantilever - essentially a tiny sliver of silicon shaped like a
> > diving board. Laser interferometry tracks the motion of the
> > cantilever, which vibrates slightly as magnetic spins in the hydrogen
> > atoms of the sample interact with a nearby nanoscopic magnetic tip.
> > The tip is scanned in three dimensions and the cantilever vibrations
> > are analyzed to create a 3D image."
> >
> > In 1986, IBM researchers Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer received the
> > Nobel Prize for Physics for their invention of the scanning tunneling
> > microscope, which can image individual atoms on electrically
> > conducting surfaces.
> >
> > IBM Research is the world's largest industrial research organization,
> > employing 3,000 scientists and engineers in eight labs and six countries.
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