[00:00.000 --> 00:02.900] [SPEAKER_11]: Our Washington DC editor was Matt Laszlo.
[00:03.180 --> 00:08.520] [SPEAKER_11]: Our technical production team at KPFA in Berkeley is Rose Katabchi and Scott Pham.
[00:08.900 --> 00:19.760] [SPEAKER_11]: Thanks to KPFA, The Real News Network, Nathan Moore, the FSRN Board and Steering Committee, and many others for relentless work to make sure FSRN stays on the air.
[00:20.120 --> 00:26.500] [SPEAKER_11]: For more information on how you can support FSRN, go to our website, fsrn.org.
[00:26.740 --> 00:27.820] [SPEAKER_11]: Thanks for listening.
[00:28.020 --> 00:29.920] [SPEAKER_11]: In San Francisco, I'm Danny Wood.
[00:34.880 --> 00:36.580] [SPEAKER_01]: And it's one minute after seven o'clock.
[00:36.580 --> 00:39.340] [SPEAKER_01]: You're listening to radio station WBAI New York.
[00:39.540 --> 00:43.700] [SPEAKER_01]: The time, well, actually, the time being 7.01, it's time for Off The Hook.
[01:07.990 --> 01:09.810] [SPEAKER_07]: I hope that's understood.
[01:09.950 --> 01:10.750] [SPEAKER_07]: One minute, no!
[02:27.430 --> 02:29.430] [SPEAKER_01]: And getting started by the program is Off The Hook.
[02:29.710 --> 02:32.470] [SPEAKER_01]: Emmanuel Goldstein here with you on this Wednesday evening.
[02:32.930 --> 02:34.810] [SPEAKER_01]: Joined tonight by Mike.
[02:35.030 --> 02:35.230] [SPEAKER_01]: Hi.
[02:35.610 --> 02:36.170] [SPEAKER_01]: Dot Rett.
[02:36.410 --> 02:36.590] [SPEAKER_01]: Hello.
[02:36.870 --> 02:37.250] [SPEAKER_01]: Rob T.
[02:37.450 --> 02:37.930] [SPEAKER_01]: Firefly.
[02:38.190 --> 02:38.550] [SPEAKER_01]: Good evening.
[02:38.830 --> 02:39.310] [SPEAKER_01]: Voltaire.
[02:39.490 --> 02:39.630] [SPEAKER_01]: Hey.
[02:40.350 --> 02:40.830] [SPEAKER_01]: Kyle.
[02:41.230 --> 02:41.650] [SPEAKER_01]: Yes, hello.
[02:41.930 --> 02:42.170] [SPEAKER_01]: Jim.
[02:42.530 --> 02:42.710] [SPEAKER_01]: Hi.
[02:43.010 --> 02:44.370] [SPEAKER_01]: And down in Philadelphia, Bernie S.
[02:44.790 --> 02:45.810] [SPEAKER_01]: Greetings from Philadelphia.
[02:45.810 --> 02:51.330] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, it's been one hell of a week for the world, that's for sure.
[02:53.330 --> 03:00.810] [SPEAKER_01]: Watching news developments coming from the other side of the planet and seeing how quickly things can just spiral out of control.
[03:01.230 --> 03:06.050] [SPEAKER_01]: Of course, referring to the, you know, I don't think I have to mention it to people listening in the press.
[03:06.110 --> 03:09.910] [SPEAKER_01]: When people do listen to our show 10 years in the future and they might wonder just what is the significance.
[03:09.910 --> 03:14.930] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, last Friday, Japan was hit by a, what was 8.9?
[03:15.070 --> 03:15.770] [SPEAKER_01]: Was it 9 point...
[03:15.770 --> 03:18.470] [SPEAKER_01]: It's been upgraded to... It's been upgraded to a 9.0.
[03:18.550 --> 03:27.290] [SPEAKER_01]: 9.0 earthquake, which then caused a tsunami, which was devastating, and all kinds of videos of that we've been seeing all over the place.
[03:27.490 --> 03:41.690] [SPEAKER_01]: And then, as if that weren't enough, a nuclear disaster as one particular nuclear plant has been hit by all kinds of explosions and fires and radioactive leaks, and nobody really knows what's going on.
[03:41.810 --> 03:47.850] [SPEAKER_01]: In fact, the headline in today's New York Times, peril and confusion at Japanese nuclear plant.
[03:48.170 --> 03:52.310] [SPEAKER_01]: United States urges wider no-go area around nuclear plant.
[03:53.310 --> 03:55.390] [SPEAKER_01]: Anger over Japan, nuclear exodus.
[03:55.750 --> 03:58.990] [SPEAKER_01]: There's all kinds of chaos and mayhem going on over there as we speak.
[03:59.230 --> 04:04.430] [SPEAKER_01]: We don't know a whole lot about the situation that we can really help with.
[04:04.530 --> 04:06.130] [SPEAKER_12]: But people are angry over the exodus?
[04:06.390 --> 04:09.770] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, people are angry over the way it's being handled.
[04:10.870 --> 04:15.970] [SPEAKER_01]: Basically, information just isn't out there as much as you might expect.
[04:16.910 --> 04:20.410] [SPEAKER_01]: There are six reactors at the Fukushima plant.
[04:21.630 --> 04:34.210] [SPEAKER_01]: And according to this BBC entry, this environmental correspondent said, over the days of the crisis, attention has switched from reactor one to reactor three, to two, back to three, and now to four.
[04:35.090 --> 04:45.470] [SPEAKER_01]: And this is a surprise because reactors four, five, and six were shut down at the time of Friday's earthquake, with some or all of their fuel rods extracted and left in cooling ponds that each reactor building has under its roof.
[04:45.690 --> 04:50.050] [SPEAKER_01]: And once the reactor is turned off radioactivity and heat generation, then the rods die away quickly.
[04:51.350 --> 04:53.430] [SPEAKER_01]: And the question is...
[04:53.430 --> 04:53.550] [SPEAKER_01]: That quickly.
[04:53.770 --> 04:54.170] [SPEAKER_01]: I'm sorry?
[04:54.490 --> 04:55.410] [SPEAKER_13]: Not that quickly.
[04:55.450 --> 04:56.150] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, apparently not.
[04:56.470 --> 05:05.530] [SPEAKER_01]: The question is, why is it that the Tokyo Electric Power Company, known as TEPCO, has warned the possibility of recriticality is not zero?
[05:05.910 --> 05:07.490] [SPEAKER_01]: I don't think I've ever said that word before.
[05:08.110 --> 05:24.790] [SPEAKER_01]: If you're in any doubt as to what this means, it is that in the company's view, it is possible that enough uranium is present in enough density to form a critical mass in the cooling pond, meaning that a nuclear fission reaction could start in the building outside the containment shield that surrounds the actual reactor.
[05:25.170 --> 05:31.730] [SPEAKER_01]: If that happened, it would lead to the enhanced and sustained release of radioactive materials, though not a nuclear explosion.
[05:32.650 --> 05:37.470] [SPEAKER_01]: Basically, there's a lot of misinformation and rumors going around.
[05:37.830 --> 05:45.490] [SPEAKER_01]: And also, there are a lot of people who are being contained, who are being isolated from the population because they've been exposed to radiation.
[05:45.490 --> 05:55.270] [SPEAKER_01]: And I've been watching some video of this, families separated through glass, and people on the wrong side of the glass aren't being treated very well, according to what we've heard.
[05:56.070 --> 06:12.130] [SPEAKER_01]: So what we're going to try to do now, we have one of our listeners, actually, Stuart from Tokyo has posted an incredible story, just his observations on how technology worked and how technology did not work throughout this crisis.
[06:12.430 --> 06:16.090] [SPEAKER_01]: And you can find that on our main webpage, www.2600.com.
[06:16.490 --> 06:25.370] [SPEAKER_01]: What we're going to try to do is reach Stuart live over there in Tokyo, where it's, I believe, eight in the morning over there, eight oh seven.
[06:26.010 --> 06:28.390] [SPEAKER_01]: And I'm not sure if the circuits will work.
[06:28.610 --> 06:30.770] [SPEAKER_01]: That's one thing we have to keep trying if they don't.
[06:30.870 --> 06:33.550] [SPEAKER_01]: There's been a lot of activity, obviously, calling into Japan.
[06:34.130 --> 06:35.750] [SPEAKER_01]: And we'll find out more about that.
[06:35.830 --> 06:41.730] [SPEAKER_01]: But before I make the attempt, anybody else have any observations or comments or things they'd like to share on this situation?
[06:43.030 --> 06:51.910] [SPEAKER_09]: Yeah, just, um, there, there seems to be a lot of, um, especially if you rely on the American mainstream news, a lot of sort of conflicting information about what's actually going on out there.
[06:52.050 --> 06:57.230] [SPEAKER_09]: It's kind of hard to separate the sensationalism from, uh, from the, from the solid facts.
[06:57.510 --> 07:12.370] [SPEAKER_09]: Um, there's one blog, it's at MITNSE, I believe.com, though I might, I might be wrong on the suffix, but, um, it's run by some experts on at MIT who are blogging the actual scientific facts of the situation as it develops, um, rather than the sensationalism and,
[07:12.490 --> 07:13.290] [SPEAKER_09]: uh, catchy headlines.
[07:13.490 --> 07:16.610] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, uh, have you seen, uh, examples of the sensationalism?
[07:17.370 --> 07:21.750] [SPEAKER_09]: Um, just basically from, from every different direction, there seems to be something, a completely different story going on.
[07:21.870 --> 07:24.270] [SPEAKER_09]: And, uh, they all seem to be sort of apocalyptic.
[07:24.690 --> 07:37.930] [SPEAKER_09]: And, uh, I think at one point, uh, if, if you were watching enough channels, you were assured that we were both doomed and perfectly safe and in the process of exploding and, uh, just fine and secure forever all at the same time simultaneously.
[07:38.310 --> 07:38.810] [SPEAKER_09]: And it's, yeah.
[07:38.870 --> 07:51.910] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, let me, let me just, uh, uh, for the sake of, uh, of, of people that might be looking for some, uh, um, alternative views, apart from WBAI, apart from, uh, listening on the Internet and finding different sources on the Internet, uh, if you have cable television and you're,
[07:52.050 --> 08:01.190] [SPEAKER_01]: um, say in the cable vision area, um, there are, there are three channels that I can think of that would, um, um, be better than the domestic garbage that we tend to get here.
[08:01.750 --> 08:05.250] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, channel 103 is Euronews, channel 104 is BBC World News.
[08:05.770 --> 08:12.110] [SPEAKER_01]: And, uh, the cable vision has also opened up channel 265, which is a live, uh, a television station from, from Japan.
[08:12.130 --> 08:18.590] [SPEAKER_01]: It's in Japanese, but it's, uh, it's a godsend for people who, uh, are concerned and speak Japanese, uh, to find out what's going on over there.
[08:18.810 --> 08:26.650] [SPEAKER_01]: And at least in the view of, uh, of Japanese media here in Manhattan time, Warner channel 133 is CNN international, which is very different from CNN domestic.
[08:27.270 --> 08:31.450] [SPEAKER_01]: And, uh, you'll get a lot more international coverage and, and live breaking news and, and things like that.
[08:31.570 --> 08:32.690] [SPEAKER_12]: That's a NHK.
[08:32.930 --> 08:34.050] [SPEAKER_12]: It's not an NHK.
[08:34.150 --> 08:34.910] [SPEAKER_01]: No, it's not an NHK.
[08:34.970 --> 08:41.630] [SPEAKER_01]: In fact, I can't find anybody who carries NHK world, which is the English language, uh, uh, uh, world network equivalent to BBC world news.
[08:41.790 --> 08:50.250] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, you can watch that online too, but, uh, the station that's, uh, on channel two, um, two 65 and on cable vision is a Japanese, purely Japanese.
[08:50.450 --> 09:00.150] [SPEAKER_01]: It's interesting to see, you see all kinds of maps and diagrams and, and, and video footage, but, uh, it is all in Japanese as, as it should be for people who are, uh, most concerned with what's going on over there.
[09:00.610 --> 09:00.910] [SPEAKER_01]: Okay.
[09:00.950 --> 09:05.130] [SPEAKER_01]: We're going to, uh, give a, give a try, uh, calling overseas here.
[09:05.370 --> 09:05.990] [SPEAKER_01]: Let's get a dial tone.
[09:06.970 --> 09:07.690] [SPEAKER_01]: All right.
[09:08.410 --> 09:12.810] [SPEAKER_01]: And, uh, it's going to hit those digits and hopefully not transmit them over the air.
[09:14.830 --> 09:17.050] [SPEAKER_01]: And we tried this before the show and it actually works.
[09:17.210 --> 09:19.350] [SPEAKER_01]: So fingers crossed.
[09:19.830 --> 09:20.970] [SPEAKER_01]: Let's see how long it takes.
[09:23.650 --> 09:26.870] [SPEAKER_01]: And, and rings in Japan always sound like they're, they're underwater for some reason.
[09:27.470 --> 09:28.510] [SPEAKER_01]: And that one does not.
[09:28.770 --> 09:29.130] [SPEAKER_01]: Oh dear.
[09:46.150 --> 09:47.090] [SPEAKER_01]: I wonder where this is going.
[09:47.970 --> 09:49.910] [SPEAKER_13]: Are you calling a real Japanese phone number?
[09:49.990 --> 09:50.250] [SPEAKER_13]: Yes.
[09:50.490 --> 09:57.010] [SPEAKER_01]: We called it before and it sounded like a real Japanese number, but, uh, if this didn't work, it should be going to an error message or something.
[09:57.930 --> 09:58.290] [SPEAKER_01]: Okay.
[09:58.330 --> 09:58.630] [SPEAKER_01]: Here we go.
[10:02.740 --> 10:03.550] [SPEAKER_10]: We're sorry.
[10:03.760 --> 10:05.720] [SPEAKER_10]: Your call cannot be completed as dialed.
[10:05.860 --> 10:08.550] [SPEAKER_10]: Please check the area code and number and dial again.
[10:09.790 --> 10:10.220] [SPEAKER_01]: Okay.
[10:10.360 --> 10:15.810] [SPEAKER_01]: So, uh, she's accusing me of not dialing properly, which is entirely possible because I didn't hear the tones.
[10:15.980 --> 10:19.160] [SPEAKER_01]: It's possible that this sticky keypad here, uh, did not work.
[10:19.160 --> 10:20.140] [SPEAKER_01]: So we're going to try it again.
[10:20.310 --> 10:23.830] [SPEAKER_12]: We can maybe transmit the, the air, the country code at least over the air.
[10:23.900 --> 10:24.220] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, yeah.
[10:24.360 --> 10:24.530] [SPEAKER_01]: Okay.
[10:25.880 --> 10:27.080] [SPEAKER_01]: The country code is eight one.
[10:27.250 --> 10:30.460] [SPEAKER_01]: We're dialing zero one one and then eight one.
[10:31.380 --> 10:36.860] [SPEAKER_01]: And then the number, which I'm going to turn it down for and hope that, uh, it actually goes through.
[10:37.180 --> 10:39.180] [SPEAKER_01]: Did, uh, did we hit a pound sign at the end of it last time?
[10:39.270 --> 10:40.220] [SPEAKER_01]: Cause I didn't do that this time.
[10:41.830 --> 10:42.270] [SPEAKER_01]: All right.
[10:42.360 --> 10:45.570] [SPEAKER_01]: Sometimes you should hit a pound sign when dialing overseas, sometimes not.
[10:46.160 --> 10:46.940] [SPEAKER_01]: Let's try this.
[10:52.520 --> 10:53.160] [SPEAKER_14]: There you go.
[10:54.300 --> 10:55.200] [SPEAKER_14]: Hello, Stuart speaking.
[10:55.600 --> 10:55.800] [SPEAKER_14]: Stuart.
[10:55.960 --> 10:57.240] [SPEAKER_01]: Hi, it's Emmanuel off the hook.
[10:57.920 --> 10:58.580] [SPEAKER_14]: Hi, how are you?
[10:58.820 --> 10:59.120] [SPEAKER_01]: Good.
[10:59.340 --> 11:01.160] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, the real question is how, how are you holding up?
[11:02.040 --> 11:02.760] [SPEAKER_14]: I'm okay.
[11:03.180 --> 11:08.740] [SPEAKER_14]: It's a beautiful, sunny morning here in, uh, the Mura Peninsula, just outside of Tokyo.
[11:09.860 --> 11:23.680] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, we've been hearing all kinds of, uh, disturbing reports, um, that, um, Tokyo itself, uh, because of the, uh, direction that the wind was, was blowing, um, earlier, uh, was, uh, in the path of the plume, the radioactive plume.
[11:23.980 --> 11:28.280] [SPEAKER_01]: And, and, and a lot of people are walking around with, uh, masks or not walking around at all.
[11:28.780 --> 11:34.380] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, how would you, how would you compare Tokyo right now to, uh, the way it was, say, a week or two ago?
[11:35.480 --> 11:40.160] [SPEAKER_14]: Well, I, I haven't been up to Tokyo, um, since the, since the quake.
[11:40.340 --> 11:46.140] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, I've been, uh, working at home since then, mainly because of the, uh, disruption to the train service.
[11:46.680 --> 11:49.540] [SPEAKER_14]: And that's a follow-on because of a lack of power.
[11:49.780 --> 11:52.980] [SPEAKER_14]: So there's a rolling blackout, which are affecting train service.
[11:53.160 --> 11:57.140] [SPEAKER_14]: But I have in front of me a, uh, online Geiger counter.
[11:57.440 --> 12:05.180] [SPEAKER_14]: And we're now at, uh, 20 counts per minute, which is totally normal in, uh, the Tokyo area.
[12:05.700 --> 12:12.800] [SPEAKER_14]: Uh, a few days ago, I, I saw it, uh, spike up to about, uh, 40 on the, uh, on the counts per minute.
[12:12.940 --> 12:15.460] [SPEAKER_14]: But again, that's, uh, that's very normal.
[12:15.900 --> 12:20.740] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, there's areas around the world, populated areas where a hundred is the, is the norm.
[12:20.960 --> 12:30.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So we, we can see fluctuations in the, uh, the, the radiation level, but, uh, in, in Tokyo area, they're well within the norm.
[12:30.280 --> 12:32.940] [SPEAKER_01]: Now, how, how far away are you from the actual plant?
[12:33.700 --> 12:36.520] [SPEAKER_14]: So we, we're, uh, a few hundred kilometers away.
[12:36.820 --> 12:40.800] [SPEAKER_14]: It would take about maybe five hours to, to drive up there from Tokyo.
[12:40.800 --> 12:42.880] [SPEAKER_14]: And I'm about, uh, an hour from Tokyo.
[12:43.360 --> 12:43.740] [SPEAKER_01]: Okay.
[12:43.860 --> 12:53.160] [SPEAKER_01]: And, and, and the, uh, the maximum, um, evacuation area that I have heard, um, said is, is something like, um, uh, 60 kilometers, I believe is, is, is, is the highest.
[12:53.500 --> 12:58.120] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, the Japanese, uh, um, um, authorities are saying more like 10 or 20 kilometers.
[12:59.140 --> 13:07.740] [SPEAKER_14]: Well, what, what they've imposed was, um, is a, a 20 kilometer, um, kind of exclusion zone where everybody's been evacuated.
[13:08.160 --> 13:14.360] [SPEAKER_14]: And then from 20 to 30 kilometers, it's a, uh, stay indoors as much as possible.
[13:14.760 --> 13:23.340] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, so, which, um, we, we, we're getting various reports from like, uh, around the world and, um, about this.
[13:23.460 --> 13:27.360] [SPEAKER_14]: And they say that's, that's the norm for this, uh, scale of, uh, accident right now.
[13:27.860 --> 13:30.800] [SPEAKER_01]: Now, it's, it, it, it's bizarre because, uh, this is happening.
[13:31.220 --> 13:39.520] [SPEAKER_01]: And, uh, of course, there was a, a, a double natural calamity that occurred on Friday, the, the, uh, major earthquake and, and, uh, the huge tsunami.
[13:39.920 --> 13:46.420] [SPEAKER_01]: And it's almost like that's being put on the back page because of all the fear about the, uh, uh, the, the radiation and nuclear accident.
[13:46.880 --> 13:53.100] [SPEAKER_01]: Um, but, uh, how, how, how are, uh, how, how are people, how is the media handling all of this?
[13:54.100 --> 13:54.540] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah.
[13:54.640 --> 13:55.700] [SPEAKER_14]: So you're right there.
[13:56.080 --> 14:02.760] [SPEAKER_14]: The, uh, the media seems to be very much focused on the, um, uh, the nuclear situation right now.
[14:03.000 --> 14:11.260] [SPEAKER_14]: There's, there's, uh, constant press conferences going on, on, on the, on the Japanese TV, um, regularly, um, talking about that.
[14:11.540 --> 14:20.440] [SPEAKER_14]: We, we, we're, seeing, um, quite a lot of video coming in, um, as, as various, uh, towns have been reached and, uh, communication reestablished.
[14:20.640 --> 14:25.420] [SPEAKER_14]: The home video that people took, um, is, is gradually coming in.
[14:25.540 --> 14:32.940] [SPEAKER_14]: So even, like, days later, we're getting, like, on the street video of the, uh, tsunami rolling in and, uh, you know, washing whole communities away.
[14:33.900 --> 14:34.340] [SPEAKER_01]: Yeah.
[14:34.480 --> 14:38.000] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, uh, I think many of us have seen, uh, similar, if not the same video.
[14:38.220 --> 14:41.500] [SPEAKER_01]: And it's, it's, it's, it's simply shocking to, uh, uh, to see that.
[14:41.860 --> 14:49.020] [SPEAKER_01]: Um, what, what, what is your view of how the, um, uh, NHK and, and, and, and the rest of Japanese media have, uh, have been handling the story?
[14:50.180 --> 15:06.600] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, well, I think any NHK is almost, um, in waiting for this kind of, uh, uh, disaster because, um, and, and, and the other TV, uh, uh, uh, channels also and media, they react very quickly.
[15:06.880 --> 15:11.040] [SPEAKER_14]: Uh, we, we have, uh, earthquakes on, as you know, on a regular, on a regular basis.
[15:11.280 --> 15:21.520] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, always, uh, the program will stop the, uh, uh, live camera from wherever the, uh, um, earthquake has taken place.
[15:21.660 --> 15:24.640] [SPEAKER_14]: Like, usually, there's a camera in the, in the newsroom.
[15:24.840 --> 15:31.860] [SPEAKER_14]: So you see the, the cabinet shaking and, and people kind of putting on hard hat from the, from the local TV stations.
[15:32.020 --> 15:47.120] [SPEAKER_14]: And then outside the TV stations, they have the cameras on the street looking over, uh, uh, to, which it, you know, show signs wobbling or, uh, cameras in the ports that, uh, are expected to receive a tsunami.
[15:47.360 --> 15:53.620] [SPEAKER_14]: And, and most cases, like 99% of the time, it is nothing, nothing happens at all.
[15:53.740 --> 15:55.860] [SPEAKER_14]: It's just a very small way.
[15:56.160 --> 15:58.860] [SPEAKER_14]: But then, and if a tsunami happens, it's 10 centimeters.
[15:59.320 --> 16:16.160] [SPEAKER_14]: But even at that time, there's a illustrated map that's, uh, projected over the screen of the regular TV program, which may continue running, which is showing the red areas, uh, where the, where the, uh, danger, uh, is, is thought to be.
[16:16.420 --> 16:24.860] [SPEAKER_14]: And, um, so they, they have, uh, people ready in, uh, helicopters seem to be, go out immediately over affected areas.
[16:25.040 --> 16:34.260] [SPEAKER_14]: Because in, in many cases, it's not, it's not clear, um, what the actual, uh, extent of the, the, uh, the quake damage is.
[16:34.500 --> 16:41.980] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, I'm sure the governments are watching the same TV program as those, uh, those news helicopters go out and, uh, film it.
[16:42.040 --> 16:54.400] [SPEAKER_14]: And this, this time, uh, we saw, as you said, those extraordinary scenes of the tsunami coming in over the airport and the, uh, uh, farmland just washing away, uh, glass houses in a big brown, dirty way.
[16:54.920 --> 16:56.800] [SPEAKER_14]: That's not, I think that's never been seen before.
[16:57.000 --> 17:04.360] [SPEAKER_14]: I think this is the first time that, um, the actual footage, um, has been displayed on live TV.
[17:04.860 --> 17:11.460] [SPEAKER_14]: And, uh, when I was in the office, uh, I was getting a lot of messages, seeing a lot of messages coming in.
[17:11.740 --> 17:18.940] [SPEAKER_14]: And it was unbelievable the, the, uh, what people were describing because, um, they didn't know how to describe it.
[17:19.140 --> 17:23.200] [SPEAKER_14]: And secondhand, you know, we, uh, we, uh, we really didn't know what to make of it.
[17:23.340 --> 17:27.720] [SPEAKER_14]: And then we could start to see the TV by ourselves and understand, wow, this is something very different.
[17:29.300 --> 17:31.520] [SPEAKER_01]: Yeah, it's, uh, it really is.
[17:31.580 --> 17:35.820] [SPEAKER_01]: Now you say you saw, uh, pictures of the tsunami happening live over, over TV?
[17:36.580 --> 17:37.020] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah.
[17:37.320 --> 17:41.760] [SPEAKER_14]: People, people who were in their house and watching TV would have seen it live.
[17:42.360 --> 17:49.560] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, it, it, the, uh, channel would have immediately, uh, uh, gone over to, uh, the, uh, um, helicopter to view.
[17:50.320 --> 18:02.740] [SPEAKER_14]: And, um, so I, I was, I was, uh, receiving, um, like looking at Twitter at the time and many messages coming in with, uh, people just describing what they were seeing on, uh, uh, the TV.
[18:04.220 --> 18:14.160] [SPEAKER_01]: Now you, you wrote an amazing piece that's, uh, currently featured on our, our front page about, uh, just the various ways that technology worked and did not work throughout this, uh, this disaster.
[18:14.540 --> 18:26.320] [SPEAKER_01]: Um, I, I think in particular, you, uh, you focused on social networks and, and how they, they played a part and how certain things that you might expect to work weren't really working all that well.
[18:27.160 --> 18:27.820] [SPEAKER_14]: That's right.
[18:28.640 --> 18:36.980] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, as I've written about it, I, I suddenly realized that the, a day or so afterwards, um, how all of this came together.
[18:37.340 --> 18:40.400] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, at the, at the time we were just desperate for information.
[18:40.860 --> 18:48.520] [SPEAKER_14]: So the immediate, uh, um, kind of thought is to, to call your relatives or your family, um, nearby.
[18:48.980 --> 18:58.600] [SPEAKER_14]: But in, when, um, after, just shortly after the earthquake occurred, the cell phone, uh, service was totally unobtainable.
[18:58.960 --> 19:00.400] [SPEAKER_14]: The calls weren't, weren't going through.
[19:00.760 --> 19:09.320] [SPEAKER_14]: But it, it occurred to me that, um, I was getting, like, mail to my phone and, uh, and, uh, and other services which are based on the IP network.
[19:09.620 --> 19:10.480] [SPEAKER_14]: And that was fine.
[19:10.640 --> 19:25.460] [SPEAKER_14]: And I really don't know why the cell phone service goes down, whether it's overloading at the time or they want to, uh, retain the quality of service so they just don't, um, accept calls when the network is, uh, um, uh, heavily used.
[19:25.920 --> 19:35.060] [SPEAKER_14]: But, um, all of those, uh, IP services, um, uh, the, the web, um, uh, and even, even Skype were, were working fine.
[19:35.280 --> 19:44.580] [SPEAKER_14]: And some, some people were receiving, um, calls from their relatives overseas, uh, via, via Skype on their, on their, um, mobile phone.
[19:45.160 --> 19:53.940] [SPEAKER_14]: But they couldn't call their neighboring town, um, on landline or on the, uh, um, uh, the, on the mobile network.
[19:54.220 --> 20:04.020] [SPEAKER_14]: And a lot of people, um, have changed over their, um, analog landline to, uh, kind of integrate it with the, uh, the fiber Internet service.
[20:04.380 --> 20:08.280] [SPEAKER_14]: But, um, that is only available when the power is up.
[20:08.520 --> 20:11.260] [SPEAKER_14]: And there were immediate blackouts in some areas.
[20:11.660 --> 20:17.880] [SPEAKER_14]: So those people who had a, uh, uh, um, a fiber connection were down at that point, even with their landline.
[20:18.020 --> 20:23.280] [SPEAKER_14]: And I heard that, that, uh, the old analog landlines, people who had, had those, they could get through.
[20:24.400 --> 20:24.840] [SPEAKER_01]: Wow.
[20:25.000 --> 20:26.800] [SPEAKER_01]: This is, uh, sounds familiar.
[20:27.000 --> 20:34.400] [SPEAKER_01]: It's something that, uh, we've been saying for years that the landlines are, are really the only way to, uh, stay connected in, in, in crises like this.
[20:34.760 --> 20:38.320] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, now, how did, um, how did the cellular network hold up?
[20:39.380 --> 20:40.700] [SPEAKER_14]: So it was really bad.
[20:40.900 --> 20:50.680] [SPEAKER_14]: It, it, um, again, the connection we had, like we had three bars, you know, four bars, you know, perfect connection, but you couldn't put a call through.
[20:51.400 --> 21:04.420] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, but, um, as we were saying, you know, the, we were able to contact social networks via the, um, IP services like the browser and the, uh, the, uh, clients on iPhone and other, other smartphones.
[21:05.080 --> 21:20.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So we could get, um, uh, feedback about, um, for example, the, uh, earthquake report, the actual epicenter, the, uh, uh, uh, the, the magnitude at, at the, uh, epicenter.
[21:20.580 --> 21:39.300] [SPEAKER_14]: And, um, um, I was able to, um, contact friends, um, um, later in the day to find a place to stay because the trains all stopped and quite, quite soon it was announced that they wouldn't be, uh, starting until the following morning.
[21:39.860 --> 21:48.540] [SPEAKER_14]: So all, all train services in and out of Tokyo were, were down and many people stayed in their, um, in their offices.
[21:49.500 --> 22:06.160] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, the companies, um, immediately, um, put their own kind of, uh, disaster, uh, plan into effect and allowed people to stay and, uh, did, did their best to provide with, uh, food and, um, drinks and, uh, uh, other, other comforts.
[22:06.480 --> 22:10.500] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, the way, the way that you got that situation resolved though is interesting.
[22:10.760 --> 22:19.060] [SPEAKER_01]: You, you posted your situation on Facebook and within, uh, within, uh, within a few minutes, you started receiving offers of places to stay?
[22:19.480 --> 22:20.120] [SPEAKER_14]: That's right.
[22:20.460 --> 22:27.400] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, actually, I, it, it, I have a very kind of complicated setup where like Twitter echoes over to, to Facebook.
[22:27.400 --> 22:41.820] [SPEAKER_14]: So I didn't really, um, intend to, to, uh, uh, uh, post it over to Facebook at that time, but, but it just, you know, got picked up by my Twitter feed and, uh, and people said, oh yeah, if you, if you, uh, nearby, then, uh, you know, please come over.
[22:41.960 --> 22:51.500] [SPEAKER_14]: And it was people that hadn't thought about that, uh, actually, um, we're living quite close by, but I would never have thought about calling them up and said, oh, you know, could I stay with you?
[22:51.760 --> 22:58.400] [SPEAKER_14]: But, um, the, the friend that I did stay with, um, um, I, I got through to him, um, via Skype chat.
[22:58.600 --> 23:03.180] [SPEAKER_14]: So I could, I could, uh, communicate real time, um, on chat.
[23:03.700 --> 23:11.120] [SPEAKER_14]: And then as I, um, walked about 30 minutes to his place, um, outside, I wasn't quite sure which building it was.
[23:11.340 --> 23:15.540] [SPEAKER_14]: So I, I called him on the Skype voice chat and that worked fine.
[23:16.540 --> 23:21.320] [SPEAKER_01]: But if you had tried conventional methods, just using your cell phone to call, you wouldn't be able to get through it all.
[23:21.820 --> 23:22.440] [SPEAKER_14]: That's right.
[23:22.760 --> 23:22.920] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah.
[23:23.540 --> 23:23.640] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah.
[23:23.900 --> 23:24.420] [SPEAKER_01]: Very interesting.
[23:24.660 --> 23:28.440] [SPEAKER_14]: That was Skype from the cell phone, but the actual cell network wasn't working.
[23:28.700 --> 23:36.360] [SPEAKER_01]: And, and, uh, just to divert for a moment, uh, the, the actual cell network, the, the type of system you use, it's not, it's not anything like the system we use here.
[23:37.000 --> 23:42.260] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, yeah, so there's, there's various, there's various incompatible systems here.
[23:42.440 --> 23:56.000] [SPEAKER_14]: We, we have the, um, uh, a, uh, so the AU, AU network, which is a CDMA, um, network, have the Docomo, Docomo network and the SoftBank, uh, um, networks.
[23:56.080 --> 24:05.760] [SPEAKER_14]: I forget which, um, um, protocols they're, uh, they're running on, but, uh, the, the, in general, you can't use a standard, uh, GSM phone to, uh, to make calls.
[24:05.760 --> 24:07.620] [SPEAKER_01]: Nor can you use a CDMA phone.
[24:07.720 --> 24:11.320] [SPEAKER_01]: Cause when I was over there, I had a CDMA and a GSM phone and neither one worked.
[24:11.960 --> 24:12.420] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah, yeah.
[24:12.500 --> 24:14.280] [SPEAKER_14]: It's on a different, uh, frequency.
[24:14.780 --> 24:14.880] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah.
[24:15.400 --> 24:15.920] [SPEAKER_01]: I see.
[24:16.240 --> 24:20.840] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, so other bits of technology that, uh, that worked and, and, and didn't work.
[24:20.920 --> 24:21.580] [SPEAKER_01]: Anything come to mind?
[24:23.320 --> 24:24.760] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, yeah.
[24:24.880 --> 24:31.040] [SPEAKER_14]: So one of the things that, um, was very, it was very useful was, um, kind of real, real time search.
[24:31.040 --> 24:45.040] [SPEAKER_14]: Now, I, I, I had a little bit, uh, been skeptical of the, the, the value of the real time, real time search, um, which is, uh, some time back Google paid, uh, license fee to Twitter just to take their whole stream of data.
[24:45.400 --> 24:48.320] [SPEAKER_14]: And, um, they, they put their own search engine around that.
[24:48.320 --> 25:00.660] [SPEAKER_14]: Uh, and for the first time, I, I used that, um, to be able to look for a station name or a train line and see the status at that, at that time.
[25:00.800 --> 25:07.640] [SPEAKER_14]: Because people were complaining, like, you know, on their, um, uh, Twitter, you know, saying, oh, the station's very crowded.
[25:07.720 --> 25:11.440] [SPEAKER_14]: There's, uh, like a 500-meter line outside the station.
[25:11.880 --> 25:17.420] [SPEAKER_14]: Uh, the website for the train company says it's up, but actually the doors are closed.
[25:17.420 --> 25:29.580] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, by, by focusing in on particular stations and, uh, particular train lines, I was able to, to know that, um, certain train, uh, stations would be closed.
[25:29.820 --> 25:37.120] [SPEAKER_14]: Or, um, if you walked, uh, one, uh, stop down the line, that, that station at that moment was empty.
[25:37.340 --> 25:41.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So, it was very, very useful to plan my journey back home.
[25:41.120 --> 25:43.800] [SPEAKER_14]: And in the end, I, I traveled back on a near empty train.
[25:44.500 --> 25:47.320] [SPEAKER_01]: Now, you used, uh, uh, what was the service that you used for this?
[25:47.420 --> 25:48.180] [SPEAKER_01]: What, what service of Google?
[25:48.320 --> 25:50.480] [SPEAKER_14]: That's, uh, it's called, uh, Google real-time.
[25:50.740 --> 25:54.300] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, I think it's, uh, google.com slash real-time.
[25:54.560 --> 25:57.880] [SPEAKER_14]: Or, um, if you search on their site, you'll, you'll, you'll come up with it.
[25:58.240 --> 26:03.520] [SPEAKER_14]: And it gives you a, you can search the, the real-time information that they have.
[26:03.920 --> 26:06.720] [SPEAKER_14]: And then it will refresh the, uh, the, the search.
[26:08.140 --> 26:08.580] [SPEAKER_01]: Fascinating.
[26:08.580 --> 26:11.700] [SPEAKER_01]: So you, you'll see what people are saying as, as they say it.
[26:12.140 --> 26:17.940] [SPEAKER_01]: And, uh, I guess going to the actual official websites wouldn't have got you any useful information at all if you were even able to connect to them.
[26:18.860 --> 26:19.420] [SPEAKER_14]: That's right.
[26:19.580 --> 26:21.380] [SPEAKER_14]: They, they just gave their expected service.
[26:21.760 --> 26:27.400] [SPEAKER_14]: And what, what happened with the, with the train, uh, I, I, I passed through, uh, Shinagawa.
[26:27.400 --> 26:31.880] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, and so Shinagawa's a major, uh, uh, major terminus.
[26:32.040 --> 26:34.400] [SPEAKER_14]: Many people have to, have to change there.
[26:34.620 --> 26:37.140] [SPEAKER_14]: So the station became overloaded.
[26:37.400 --> 26:46.080] [SPEAKER_14]: And, and so what they did, I think, was to, um, just shut the gate on, on the, uh, the, the, the, some, some lines.
[26:47.120 --> 27:07.660] [SPEAKER_14]: And that, that allowed the trains from Shinagawa to, to leave empty and, and start clearing down, down, down the line, um, picking up people, um, so that when, when the, uh, Shinagawa opened again, the, um, the, people would be able to go in the train and there wouldn't be such a,
[27:07.660 --> 27:09.680] [SPEAKER_14]: a crush further down the line.
[27:10.160 --> 27:25.040] [SPEAKER_14]: And by also shutting it, people were walking along the line to the next station, just kind of walking home and then finding that they could get on at the, uh, the next station, which gave like a, a 20 or 30 minute buffer so that the, the, the train station could,
[27:25.240 --> 27:32.380] [SPEAKER_14]: uh, could, uh, kind of reduce the, the, the density of the people there, um, to be able to continue.
[27:32.660 --> 27:42.140] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, I'm not sure how they, how they plan for this, but about once a year we get a similar situation when there's a, a typhoon or, or some other, um, trouble.
[27:43.140 --> 27:46.680] [SPEAKER_01]: We're speaking with Stuart, one of our listeners and friends from Japan.
[27:47.140 --> 27:49.500] [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, Stuart, now you're how far from Tokyo right now?
[27:50.500 --> 27:55.880] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, I'm about, uh, 55 kilometers, which is just over an hour on, on, on the train.
[27:56.080 --> 27:58.300] [SPEAKER_14]: And, uh, I usually commute up there every day.
[27:58.540 --> 28:02.260] [SPEAKER_01]: And, uh, would you have any trouble getting there today if you wanted to?
[28:02.520 --> 28:07.500] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, I think the, the trains are on a reduced service, um, today.
[28:08.080 --> 28:28.720] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, and, um, one, one of the problems we've been having is that, uh, due, due to the, uh, power stations being taken offline, um, um, uh, Tokyo is very, very close to, uh, exceeding the, uh, kind of the maximum, uh, power output, um, to consume all of the power output the electricity companies can generate.
[28:28.940 --> 28:38.720] [SPEAKER_14]: So they've split the, uh, Tokyo and surrounding areas into zones and having a rolling, a rolling blackout for three hours at a time.
[28:38.720 --> 28:44.920] [SPEAKER_01]: And when we were, uh, communicating earlier, I think you mentioned that, uh, your rolling blackout was scheduled for 20 past the hour?
[28:45.820 --> 28:47.180] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, yes.
[28:47.380 --> 29:01.220] [SPEAKER_14]: So, so it, it, it, it's quite funny because, uh, in my building and just my surrounding area, um, we, we had the announcement over the loudspeaker, uh, system that there will be a blackout.
[29:01.340 --> 29:03.800] [SPEAKER_14]: But my particular building hasn't been affected.
[29:04.120 --> 29:07.760] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, and a little bit around my building hasn't been affected.
[29:07.760 --> 29:14.780] [SPEAKER_14]: And I, today I was thinking, um, maybe there is some critical infrastructure in, in this, in this local area.
[29:15.220 --> 29:19.480] [SPEAKER_14]: And we're quite close to the, uh, Japanese self-defense, defense force base.
[29:19.740 --> 29:24.020] [SPEAKER_14]: So they probably don't want to take the, uh, the, the, the base power down.
[29:24.200 --> 29:30.400] [SPEAKER_14]: So I'm, I'm guessing that that's the reason why half of the town has been affected, and, and my half of the town hasn't been affected.
[29:31.060 --> 29:31.500] [SPEAKER_14]: Stuart.
[29:31.660 --> 29:31.900] [SPEAKER_14]: By that.
[29:32.420 --> 29:32.600] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah.
[29:33.200 --> 29:33.700] [SPEAKER_14]: Hi, Stuart.
[29:33.800 --> 29:33.980] [SPEAKER_13]: Hello there.
[29:33.980 --> 29:35.040] [SPEAKER_13]: This is, uh, Bernie, Bernie S.
[29:35.240 --> 29:35.620] [SPEAKER_13]: Hi, Bernie.
[29:36.020 --> 29:36.260] [SPEAKER_13]: Hi.
[29:36.480 --> 29:38.640] [SPEAKER_13]: I wanted, uh, thanks for contacting us, by the way.
[29:38.740 --> 29:39.960] [SPEAKER_13]: It's great information you're providing.
[29:40.280 --> 29:52.740] [SPEAKER_13]: Um, I think you explained, we were corresponding via email, that, uh, uh, uh, throughout, nationwide throughout Japan, there's a, uh, a mobile phone warning system in place to warn people of tsunamis.
[29:53.460 --> 29:53.760] [SPEAKER_13]: Um, yeah.
[29:53.760 --> 29:55.560] [SPEAKER_13]: How did that work or not work this time?
[29:56.560 --> 29:57.120] [SPEAKER_14]: Okay.
[29:57.640 --> 30:05.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So the, the, the, the, um, global, the, the, the local, the warning system, um, is, it's fairly new.
[30:05.340 --> 30:17.020] [SPEAKER_14]: So as of maybe two or three years ago in the normal Japanese feature phone, it's been built in that the, the network will send a, a broadcast message and a siren will go off.
[30:17.160 --> 30:20.420] [SPEAKER_14]: And it's the same sound no matter which phone you have.
[30:20.420 --> 30:28.320] [SPEAKER_14]: So a few months back, suddenly the whole room just filled with this siren, um, of an earthquake coming in.
[30:28.500 --> 30:30.660] [SPEAKER_14]: And, and at first nobody knew what it was.
[30:30.800 --> 30:31.980] [SPEAKER_14]: It was the first time that it happened.
[30:32.160 --> 30:36.900] [SPEAKER_14]: And it's very strange when all around you, the same sound is occurring.
[30:37.080 --> 30:41.700] [SPEAKER_14]: It's like a weird stereo effect because there are people in different, uh, parts of the room.
[30:50.420 --> 31:04.640] [SPEAKER_14]: So various monitoring systems can pick up the earthquakes, uh, very quickly, but the, um, the actual ground waves, uh, are quite slow in comparison to the, uh, the speed that we can transmit over the, the phone network.
[31:04.840 --> 31:10.800] [SPEAKER_14]: So it's possible to get a, a few seconds warning, um, that an earthquake will, will occur.
[31:11.340 --> 31:16.300] [SPEAKER_14]: But on the Friday earthquake, there was no, no warning at all by the, by the system.
[31:16.300 --> 31:20.320] [SPEAKER_14]: And I don't know what, what happened, um, why, why that didn't happen.
[31:20.520 --> 31:32.820] [SPEAKER_14]: But, um, after, um, the earthquake had occurred, variously throughout the, the night, there were warnings coming over the, uh, the mobile phone.
[31:33.240 --> 31:37.140] [SPEAKER_14]: But mostly for kind of low, low intensity earthquakes.
[31:37.420 --> 31:46.500] [SPEAKER_14]: So right, right now, it doesn't seem to be working very well in that, um, you, you would, you don't know what to do when, when you hear the sound.
[31:46.720 --> 31:49.620] [SPEAKER_14]: Like, whether it's going to be a big earthquake or a small earthquake.
[31:49.760 --> 31:51.720] [SPEAKER_14]: And in most cases, it's been a, it's been a small one.
[31:52.700 --> 32:03.260] [SPEAKER_13]: Do you think that, uh, uh, had that worked, people would have been able to, uh, seek high ground soon enough to avoid, uh, uh, what do you think?
[32:03.980 --> 32:14.540] [SPEAKER_14]: Well, for the, for the people in, in the areas where the, uh, tsunamis occur, they have regular drills, like, uh, at least, at least once a year, the whole town runs up to the hill.
[32:15.140 --> 32:19.600] [SPEAKER_14]: And, uh, they, they know, they're trained from, uh, an early age at school.
[32:20.020 --> 32:30.640] [SPEAKER_14]: Like, uh, even, even the kids at school have, uh, uh, know exactly what to do to get under the desk and to put on a, uh, uh, uh, some kind of a head covering that they have.
[32:30.640 --> 32:40.980] [SPEAKER_14]: So those areas where the tsunami occurred, they, um, they had warning via the, the, the local government, uh, loudspeaker system.
[32:41.260 --> 32:44.600] [SPEAKER_14]: And they knew that an earthquake, a very strong earthquake, uh, uh, occurred.
[32:44.760 --> 32:45.760] [SPEAKER_14]: So they ran immediately.
[32:46.000 --> 32:49.680] [SPEAKER_14]: As soon as they feel a strong earthquake, they, they run immediately.
[32:50.280 --> 32:53.860] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, but this time the earthquake came within nine minutes.
[32:54.080 --> 32:57.520] [SPEAKER_14]: So you have nine minutes to decide which way you're going to go.
[32:57.520 --> 33:04.660] [SPEAKER_14]: So, and I, I, I was reading today that, um, in some of the places there's a blue line that's painted on the road and you just run along the blue line.
[33:04.820 --> 33:10.140] [SPEAKER_14]: And that will take you to up to the, uh, the, the closest, um, the closest point.
[33:10.360 --> 33:15.140] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, pretty, pretty much there was nothing more they can do.
[33:15.380 --> 33:19.840] [SPEAKER_14]: Once, once they heard that, uh, siren go off and felt the ground shake, they were running.
[33:21.100 --> 33:27.420] [SPEAKER_12]: Uh, Stuart, you said there was some kind of loudspeaker system in your neighborhood that tells you when the power's going to go out.
[33:27.520 --> 33:28.680] [SPEAKER_12]: What's, what's that all about?
[33:29.500 --> 33:29.880] [SPEAKER_14]: Okay.
[33:30.100 --> 33:42.520] [SPEAKER_14]: So, um, all around, all around Japan, every, every neighborhood, um, there is a loudspeaker and, um, once, once a day, about five o'clock, um, there's a tune is played over the loudspeaker.
[33:43.380 --> 33:51.880] [SPEAKER_14]: Um, just, uh, it's kind of the, to, to tell children it's time to, to go home, you know, to stop playing in the park and just to go, go back to your parents' dinner time.
[33:51.980 --> 33:52.240] [SPEAKER_14]: That kind of thing.
[33:52.240 --> 33:53.660] [SPEAKER_01]: Throughout the entire country, really?
[33:54.340 --> 34:06.240] [SPEAKER_14]: Throughout all of the, all of the, uh, uh, uh, major, um, uh, cities and villages, any, anywhere, um, you know, there's, uh, a small gathering of houses.
[34:06.900 --> 34:18.820] [SPEAKER_14]: Now, the, we, we get announcements, for example, flood warnings, um, when there's a typhoon, um, and, uh, other, various, uh, warnings over, over the speaker.
[34:18.820 --> 34:22.820] [SPEAKER_14]: But the, the interesting thing is that I can hear it in the distance.
[34:23.280 --> 34:25.360] [SPEAKER_14]: I can hear the announcement in the distance.
[34:25.360 --> 34:28.060] [SPEAKER_14]: And then I can hear the announcement locally.
[34:28.340 --> 34:31.680] [SPEAKER_14]: And then I can hear the announcement, uh, in the distance again.
[34:32.100 --> 34:38.980] [SPEAKER_14]: So, and after, after the announcement finishes, I can hear the off the hook tone of the telephone system.
[34:39.640 --> 34:47.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So, it seems like they're calling in to some local system to broadcast.
[34:47.660 --> 34:48.380] [SPEAKER_01]: Very interesting.
[34:48.600 --> 34:51.340] [SPEAKER_01]: I assume the Off The Hook tone isn't the same as it is here in the States.
[34:55.300 --> 34:59.960] [SPEAKER_14]: It just sounds like they forgot to hang up the phone, and then you hear it clicks off.
[35:00.860 --> 35:01.220] [SPEAKER_01]: Interesting.
[35:01.480 --> 35:08.220] [SPEAKER_01]: Now, I think you also mentioned that SMS messages weren't actually going through, and there's really no way to know if they went through or not.
[35:08.980 --> 35:10.180] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah, that's right.
[35:10.860 --> 35:17.040] [SPEAKER_14]: We kind of suspected that they weren't getting through, because some people were just not getting replies.
[35:17.380 --> 35:24.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So, I had a direct message over Twitter, which I got, which said, did you get my SMS?
[35:24.480 --> 35:27.320] [SPEAKER_14]: And I said, no, because I hadn't got it.
[35:27.600 --> 35:29.760] [SPEAKER_14]: And that test message never came.
[35:30.820 --> 35:33.180] [SPEAKER_01]: And do you suspect that was the case throughout the country?
[35:34.120 --> 35:35.460] [SPEAKER_14]: I guess so.
[35:35.760 --> 35:42.080] [SPEAKER_14]: I think it's just the whole network would have been overloaded at that point.
[35:42.360 --> 36:04.700] [SPEAKER_14]: And at the very end, you know, at the New Year's Eve, like about 15 minutes before the countdown to zero, there's often a message from the telephone company saying, please don't send a message exactly at midnight, because the whole network would be overloaded.
[36:05.840 --> 36:06.160] [SPEAKER_13]: Interesting.
[36:07.200 --> 36:13.140] [SPEAKER_13]: In Japan, at least in the metropolitan areas, do a lot of people still receive television over the air?
[36:13.140 --> 36:15.300] [SPEAKER_13]: And what about radio?
[36:15.620 --> 36:21.060] [SPEAKER_13]: Those systems would seem to be less affected by infrastructure outages.
[36:22.260 --> 36:23.300] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah, that's right.
[36:24.420 --> 36:30.620] [SPEAKER_14]: Over-the-air television is quite, well, pretty much the norm.
[36:31.260 --> 36:43.440] [SPEAKER_14]: Some people are going to cable for just their normal TV, and there's a transfer over to the digital system planned later in this year.
[36:43.640 --> 36:46.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So we're switching over this year.
[36:46.300 --> 36:49.180] [SPEAKER_14]: Radio, of course, is a constant throughout.
[36:49.580 --> 36:56.320] [SPEAKER_14]: And I tend not to listen to the Japanese radio outside of the car.
[36:57.960 --> 37:08.860] [SPEAKER_14]: But in this area, in the Kanto area, where Tokyo and the surrounding metropolitan area is, because of the U.S.
[37:08.940 --> 37:11.820] [SPEAKER_14]: base, there's an actual U.S.
[37:11.980 --> 37:21.320] [SPEAKER_14]: radio station operating on 810 AM, which is the Far East Network, or I'm not sure what its name is, these days.
[37:21.320 --> 37:27.060] [SPEAKER_14]: But that is for the military personnel who may be out and about in the area.
[37:27.220 --> 37:34.400] [SPEAKER_14]: And so there's disaster-related information on that service in England.
[37:34.680 --> 37:47.200] [SPEAKER_01]: Now, I heard a report on BBC, actually, from someone who was living over there, who said that it was rather hard for him to view Japanese media because...
[37:48.020 --> 38:02.740] [SPEAKER_01]: And, you know, I might have this wrong, but basically it's part of Japanese culture to maintain a face that things are as normal as possible and that any crisis is being dealt with and that people should not panic.
[38:02.960 --> 38:08.060] [SPEAKER_01]: Looking at some sample websites right now, I sort of see that being backed up.
[38:08.140 --> 38:08.840] [SPEAKER_01]: I'm looking at CNN.
[38:09.180 --> 38:14.160] [SPEAKER_01]: Of course, this could also speak to our desire to have big headlines.
[38:14.160 --> 38:18.500] [SPEAKER_01]: But the CNN headline has spent fuel rods exposed, raising concerns.
[38:19.260 --> 38:22.240] [SPEAKER_01]: MSNBC, radiation extremely high at plant.
[38:22.460 --> 38:27.220] [SPEAKER_01]: The New York Times, United States, calls radiation extremely high and urges deeper caution in Japan.
[38:27.520 --> 38:35.000] [SPEAKER_01]: And then I go over to NHK in Japan, and the headline is G7, G20 talks to be held on quake hit Japan.
[38:35.640 --> 38:38.580] [SPEAKER_01]: No health risk 20 kilometers away from plant.
[38:38.880 --> 38:41.360] [SPEAKER_01]: New power lines being planned for cooling system.
[38:43.560 --> 38:48.920] [SPEAKER_01]: Do you get the sense that maybe it's being toned down a bit over there?
[38:50.760 --> 38:52.760] [SPEAKER_14]: Well, it's difficult to say, really.
[38:53.620 --> 39:09.620] [SPEAKER_14]: From what I know, the things that I've seen, I feel that the outside media is a little bit hyperactive and kind of making the story, looking for the story.
[39:10.840 --> 39:19.620] [SPEAKER_14]: But as you say, yeah, the way that, like culturally, that people communicate, things may not be said directly.
[39:20.390 --> 39:39.780] [SPEAKER_14]: So when people, it's been said that the way to understand the communication, Western communication, it is your responsibility to communicate to the other person everything they need to know for them to understand what you're saying.
[39:39.920 --> 39:52.800] [SPEAKER_14]: But in kind of the Japanese situation, it's more that you give them enough information and they are smart enough themselves to understand your clues as to what you're saying.
[39:52.800 --> 40:03.880] [SPEAKER_14]: So there's a less directness in some of the ways that information will be communicated.
[40:04.140 --> 40:24.060] [SPEAKER_14]: So when you have a news conference and it's translated into English, and I think a lot of the, obviously, the Western journalists are picking up the English translation, that they won't be getting the nuances of the Japanese way that it has been said.
[40:24.640 --> 40:40.920] [SPEAKER_14]: So I'm always concerned about, you know, what is the real, obviously, the real story, and then looking at, trying to look at what foreign experts are saying about the situation.
[40:40.920 --> 40:47.940] [SPEAKER_14]: But there seems to be a lot of misinformation, I think, on both sides.
[40:48.240 --> 41:01.300] [SPEAKER_14]: For example, from the pro-nuclear lobby, we'll be playing it down and sending out information about, you know, there's no problem, this is within the design parameters.
[41:01.860 --> 41:06.320] [SPEAKER_14]: And then the anti-nuclear lobby will be playing it up.
[41:06.440 --> 41:09.320] [SPEAKER_14]: This is very, very dangerous, extremely, extremely dangerous.
[41:09.320 --> 41:13.900] [SPEAKER_14]: So it's very difficult to know where the line is.
[41:14.460 --> 41:22.560] [SPEAKER_14]: And that's taking up, again, a lot of time, just reading through various news reports and checking the science out.
[41:22.760 --> 41:46.160] [SPEAKER_14]: Like, when we hear that a gas, like it has been released, you know, radioactive steam has been released from the reactor, so then if you look at the science, you can find that, you know, that contains, for example, radioactive isotopes of nitrogen, which have a half-life of seven seconds.
[41:46.520 --> 41:51.780] [SPEAKER_14]: So within a few minutes, you know, they'll be completely safe.
[41:52.060 --> 41:59.820] [SPEAKER_14]: Now, you wouldn't want to be standing next to that plume of gas when it comes out, because it would be highly radioactive at that point.
[42:00.220 --> 42:07.300] [SPEAKER_14]: But, you know, once it's in the air, then, within a few minutes, it's undetectable.
[42:07.620 --> 42:15.720] [SPEAKER_14]: But as I was saying at the very start of the program, like, we're watching the Geiger counter.
[42:18.040 --> 42:23.960] [SPEAKER_14]: And I think many people in Tokyo have learned a lot of physics in the last week.
[42:24.520 --> 42:25.440] [SPEAKER_06]: I can imagine.
[42:26.040 --> 42:31.100] [SPEAKER_14]: Yeah, it's very difficult to know when you see units about, you know, what does this mean?
[42:31.500 --> 42:33.360] [SPEAKER_14]: This, for example, counts per second.
[42:33.500 --> 42:36.220] [SPEAKER_14]: What is the normal background radiation in your hometown?
[42:36.640 --> 42:40.160] [SPEAKER_14]: Because in Tokyo, it's about 20 counts per minute.
[42:40.160 --> 42:57.980] [SPEAKER_14]: But in places in Europe, in England, where there's rocks that are like granite and releasing radon and other nuclear active particles in the rocks, then it's 100.
[42:58.240 --> 43:04.880] [SPEAKER_14]: So if Tokyo surges up to 100, well, we surged up a lot, and it's very detectable.
[43:05.020 --> 43:12.460] [SPEAKER_14]: But then there are places in the world where they have that level of background radiation and people live there without worrying about it.
[43:15.720 --> 43:26.720] [SPEAKER_13]: Stuart, at what point will you, if, how will you, what will you gauge, use as a gauge to determine whether you will need to leave?
[43:26.860 --> 43:27.820] [SPEAKER_13]: And what would you do?
[43:29.640 --> 43:32.900] [SPEAKER_14]: Well, that's the big dilemma right now.
[43:33.020 --> 43:36.580] [SPEAKER_14]: I know many, many friends have actually left.
[43:36.580 --> 43:42.680] [SPEAKER_14]: There's people who, as soon as the earthquake struck, booked a ticket and flew out.
[43:45.880 --> 43:48.020] [SPEAKER_14]: I'm established in this area.
[43:48.140 --> 43:53.780] [SPEAKER_14]: I have my own family, my Japanese family in the area.
[43:53.780 --> 43:56.540] [SPEAKER_14]: So I will be staying with them.
[43:56.560 --> 43:59.480] [SPEAKER_14]: And if they're evacuated, I will go with them.
[44:00.280 --> 44:08.800] [SPEAKER_14]: But one of the, kind of the, say, the canary in the mine will be the U.S.
[44:08.840 --> 44:09.040] [SPEAKER_14]: base.
[44:09.240 --> 44:09.980] [SPEAKER_14]: If the U.S.
[44:10.040 --> 44:19.740] [SPEAKER_14]: base nearby evacuates, then that is a sign that it's time to think about it, that it's time to move.
[44:19.740 --> 44:26.300] [SPEAKER_14]: Because they service a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier there.
[44:26.500 --> 44:30.040] [SPEAKER_14]: So they have on-site technicians there who are very familiar.
[44:30.260 --> 44:32.120] [SPEAKER_14]: And they have all of the measuring equipment themselves.
[44:32.140 --> 44:38.400] [SPEAKER_14]: So they're not relying on anybody else to give them information.
[44:38.840 --> 44:43.160] [SPEAKER_14]: And if they evacuate, then that's really time to go.
[44:43.840 --> 44:49.800] [SPEAKER_09]: Now, the distance that you are from the epicenter of all this, how are things by you so far as the people?
[44:50.080 --> 44:55.320] [SPEAKER_09]: Do the people around you seem to be sort of still primarily in crisis mode or trying to get back to normal?
[44:55.560 --> 44:56.520] [SPEAKER_09]: Or how are things?
[44:57.620 --> 44:59.160] [SPEAKER_14]: Well, it's very mixed.
[45:00.060 --> 45:01.640] [SPEAKER_14]: I don't see anybody panicking.
[45:02.540 --> 45:13.700] [SPEAKER_14]: Even when you look at the centers where the people are staying who have lost everything, there's no panic there.
[45:13.780 --> 45:19.920] [SPEAKER_14]: You see, on the tsunami videos, there is panic, obviously, because that's an instance of the situation.
[45:20.240 --> 45:24.640] [SPEAKER_14]: When I walk around, I see a little bit of tension.
[45:26.600 --> 45:32.000] [SPEAKER_14]: For the first time ever, I've seen empty shelves in Japan.
[45:32.220 --> 45:34.660] [SPEAKER_14]: I've never seen that.
[45:35.140 --> 45:36.960] [SPEAKER_14]: But it's strange, really.
[45:37.220 --> 45:39.380] [SPEAKER_14]: Like, there is very little bread.
[45:39.560 --> 45:40.920] [SPEAKER_14]: People are buying up bread.
[45:42.360 --> 45:45.760] [SPEAKER_14]: You'd think that there would be a big run on rice.
[45:45.940 --> 45:50.100] [SPEAKER_14]: But I think maybe people are thinking that they lose power, they can't cook.
[45:51.020 --> 45:54.340] [SPEAKER_14]: So bread is something to stock up.
[45:54.420 --> 45:58.220] [SPEAKER_14]: But that's not going to be useful for more than a few days.
[46:02.180 --> 46:07.240] [SPEAKER_14]: And in Tokyo, power saving is going on.
[46:07.240 --> 46:15.480] [SPEAKER_14]: Everybody is trying to cut down as much as they can on their heating, lighting, shop signs are off.
[46:15.720 --> 46:19.880] [SPEAKER_14]: So I think for the first time ever, Shinjuku and Shibuya were dark.
[46:20.360 --> 46:25.040] [SPEAKER_14]: They're normally lit up at night or through the night with neon signs.
[46:25.160 --> 46:27.480] [SPEAKER_01]: That's like the Times Square of Tokyo, correct?
[46:27.480 --> 46:29.060] [SPEAKER_14]: Exactly, yeah.
[46:29.440 --> 46:30.680] [SPEAKER_14]: So it was dark.
[46:31.020 --> 46:32.400] [SPEAKER_14]: I saw pictures of that.
[46:33.600 --> 46:40.880] [SPEAKER_14]: And even in my local neighborhood, I can see quite a lot of shops that have turned off their lights at night.
[46:40.940 --> 46:48.340] [SPEAKER_14]: And it's almost a kind of a sign of support and solidarity if your light is off.
[46:48.340 --> 46:53.720] [SPEAKER_14]: If you've got a big brand name site there on the horizon, it just means that you're wasting electricity.
[46:54.180 --> 46:58.980] [SPEAKER_00]: Now, I think that this is like a bit of a testament to the Japanese culture.
[46:59.520 --> 47:11.460] [SPEAKER_00]: We were just talking a lot about how people, expats or just people living over there or the foreign media is complaining about how there's not, you know, the sensationalist coverage about this issue.
[47:11.460 --> 47:23.760] [SPEAKER_00]: But then, you know, you're seeing this kind of issue that if it happened elsewhere, you could easily see a lot of people panicking or running in the streets or, you know, just a lot of disorder.
[47:23.760 --> 47:33.540] [SPEAKER_00]: Meanwhile, here, we're hearing about how people are very orderly handling it, even with, you know, there being shortages in food and rolling blackouts and entire towns being destroyed.
[47:34.040 --> 47:36.400] [SPEAKER_00]: You know, it's very interesting to see.
[47:37.460 --> 47:48.360] [SPEAKER_14]: Yes, I think there's a lot of kind of fundamental kind of things in the Japanese culture which help this.
[47:48.680 --> 47:52.560] [SPEAKER_14]: And neighborliness is still highly regarded.
[47:52.920 --> 48:00.940] [SPEAKER_14]: There are kind of neighborhood festivals throughout the year and community groups.
[48:00.940 --> 48:19.340] [SPEAKER_14]: And even outside of the, you know, this kind of disaster situation, there's like in the wintertime, you know, the people will walk around the areas at nighttime with banging a piece of wood together.
[48:19.560 --> 48:25.960] [SPEAKER_14]: And it's just like an old-fashioned sound, like a click-click sound you can hear at nighttime.
[48:25.960 --> 48:38.020] [SPEAKER_14]: And that's to remind people in the very dry winter to be careful with fires, because in the olden days, like with all the houses made of wood, if you had a fire in the winter, the whole village could go up.
[48:38.020 --> 48:43.240] [SPEAKER_14]: And those kind of traditions still go on about, you know, being aware of danger.
[48:43.520 --> 48:48.960] [SPEAKER_14]: And of course, in the Tokyo area, we're still expecting our big earthquake.
[48:49.820 --> 48:56.760] [SPEAKER_14]: 1923 was the last one, which was a huge disaster in this area.
[48:57.000 --> 49:05.260] [SPEAKER_14]: The Sendai one is in a completely different plate in the geological region.
[49:05.260 --> 49:09.740] [SPEAKER_14]: So Tokyo is in a very dangerous place geologically.
[49:10.060 --> 49:14.400] [SPEAKER_14]: There's three active plates that come together at one point.
[49:14.500 --> 49:18.700] [SPEAKER_14]: And in most places in the world, there's only two plates interacting at a time.
[49:19.460 --> 49:25.740] [SPEAKER_14]: So there's tensions build up and released by the earthquakes.
[49:25.740 --> 49:33.100] [SPEAKER_14]: And the other night, some of you may have seen, there was quite a strong earthquake close to Tokyo.
[49:33.300 --> 49:40.060] [SPEAKER_14]: But that was more towards Mount Fuji, on that side of the tectonic plate.
[49:40.260 --> 49:47.440] [SPEAKER_14]: So whenever there's a release of tension in one part, it can mean a buildup of tension in another plate.
[49:47.440 --> 49:51.400] [SPEAKER_14]: That could pass on the danger to another place.
[49:51.400 --> 49:58.360] [SPEAKER_01]: Well, Tokyo, as many of us know, is probably the most prepared city in the world for earthquakes.
[49:59.300 --> 50:08.140] [SPEAKER_01]: But to give a sense, the earthquake that happened last Friday was thousands of times more powerful than the one that decimated Haiti.
[50:08.660 --> 50:16.840] [SPEAKER_01]: And it speaks to what could have happened had you guys not been as prepared.
[50:16.840 --> 50:19.600] [SPEAKER_01]: It would have been even more of a catastrophe than what we've seen so far.
[50:19.600 --> 50:21.280] [SPEAKER_14]: That's right.
[50:22.440 --> 50:32.600] [SPEAKER_14]: Especially after the Kobe earthquake, even the regulatory codes for buildings were stepped up and many things were rechecked.
[50:33.320 --> 50:40.400] [SPEAKER_14]: We saw that the expressway in Kobe fell over when there was a large quake there.
[50:40.660 --> 50:45.880] [SPEAKER_14]: And they went back and they found that there were kind of defects in the concrete.
[50:45.880 --> 50:58.640] [SPEAKER_14]: And so it was a big program of re-strengthening all of the same kind of joints with extra cladding, steel cladding.
[50:58.640 --> 51:04.840] [SPEAKER_14]: And as you say, being prepared, it's probably the most prepared.
[51:04.840 --> 51:10.000] [SPEAKER_14]: But on an individual level, I certainly now feel I wasn't prepared enough.
[51:10.280 --> 51:24.760] [SPEAKER_14]: Because having a certain amount of supplies at home, there was kind of shortages in the stores for people hoarding.
[51:24.760 --> 51:28.800] [SPEAKER_14]: Like, at the moment, people are saying that toilet paper is in the short supply.
[51:28.920 --> 51:36.100] [SPEAKER_14]: And it's purely due to just people securing their own supply while it's in the stores.
[51:36.360 --> 51:42.820] [SPEAKER_08]: Japan has a really fraught relationship with nuclear power and nuclear relations, especially after Nagasaki and Hiroshima.
[51:43.740 --> 51:50.200] [SPEAKER_08]: Why do you think the Japanese population was willing to accept nuclear power stations in the country?
[51:50.340 --> 51:54.160] [SPEAKER_08]: They have like a similar... I mean, they don't have as many as France, per se.
[51:54.540 --> 52:02.660] [SPEAKER_08]: But why were they willing to build them there after the culture is so fearful of nuclear weapons?
[52:03.720 --> 52:04.280] [SPEAKER_14]: Hello?
[52:05.700 --> 52:06.140] [SPEAKER_14]: Hello?
[52:06.360 --> 52:07.180] [SPEAKER_01]: Yeah, can...
[52:07.180 --> 52:08.060] [SPEAKER_14]: Okay, sorry.
[52:08.440 --> 52:10.440] [SPEAKER_01]: Are you able to hear Voltaire's question?
[52:11.220 --> 52:12.400] [SPEAKER_14]: Sorry, no, I missed this question.
[52:12.420 --> 52:14.300] [SPEAKER_01]: Okay, I guess that's the microphone that doesn't work.
[52:14.500 --> 52:20.060] [SPEAKER_01]: You know what, it might be just as well as a great question, but for you to answer that, I think, would take quite a while.
[52:20.320 --> 52:21.400] [SPEAKER_01]: Basically, it was...
[52:21.400 --> 52:21.800] [SPEAKER_01]: Yeah.
[52:22.780 --> 52:29.640] [SPEAKER_01]: Why are Japanese embracing nuclear power after the history, you know, in the past?
[52:29.980 --> 52:33.140] [SPEAKER_01]: Might it be something that they would shy away from?
[52:33.520 --> 52:36.520] [SPEAKER_01]: And if you could answer that in just about 30 seconds, that would be just great.
[52:36.520 --> 52:42.520] [SPEAKER_14]: Okay, well, I think Japan is heavily reliant on oil.
[52:42.760 --> 52:45.620] [SPEAKER_14]: So there's no natural oil reserves.
[52:45.940 --> 52:55.100] [SPEAKER_14]: So we have hydroelectric power and gas brought in from Brunei and oil.
[52:55.100 --> 52:58.320] [SPEAKER_14]: So nuclear gives Japan the independence.
[52:58.780 --> 53:06.880] [SPEAKER_14]: But as you say, I think there's no stigma about using the peaceful nuclear technology.
[53:07.060 --> 53:14.160] [SPEAKER_14]: But whether it's safe to build the power station so close to active vault is really under discussion now.
[53:15.400 --> 53:29.180] [SPEAKER_14]: I'm kind of reconsidering whether that side of the argument is wise because tsunami damage has really shown that it's dangerous to be by the sea.
[53:32.130 --> 53:38.430] [SPEAKER_01]: All right, we've been speaking with Stuart, our friend, listener over in Japan.
[53:39.030 --> 53:48.810] [SPEAKER_01]: And Stuart, in these last moments, is there any kind of an action that you could suggest people here in the United States can take to help with the situation?
[53:50.470 --> 53:59.570] [SPEAKER_14]: Yes, so please give generously to the international relief organizations that you know and trust.
[54:00.330 --> 54:02.990] [SPEAKER_14]: Be careful not to get scammed online.
[54:03.250 --> 54:10.990] [SPEAKER_14]: There was a report of many scam domains set up with a legitimate sounding name.
[54:10.990 --> 54:18.110] [SPEAKER_14]: So if you know the organization well, like the Red Cross and other organizations like that.
[54:18.530 --> 54:23.830] [SPEAKER_14]: I know that the Tokyo Hackerspace now are starting some projects.
[54:24.590 --> 54:37.210] [SPEAKER_14]: So if you can look at their homepage and see, especially if you can get involved and support them, that would be great.
[54:37.850 --> 54:40.470] [SPEAKER_01]: All right, Stuart, our thoughts are with you.
[54:40.470 --> 54:45.810] [SPEAKER_01]: And, of course, we'll stay in touch and get more updates as they come in.
[54:45.890 --> 54:51.850] [SPEAKER_01]: But I really hope things improve and work out over there and that this tragedy will be overcome.
[54:52.590 --> 54:55.290] [SPEAKER_01]: Again, thanks so much for talking to us tonight.
[54:55.930 --> 54:56.590] [SPEAKER_14]: No problem.
[54:56.710 --> 54:57.170] [SPEAKER_14]: It's been a pleasure.
[54:57.450 --> 54:57.950] Thank you.
[54:58.370 --> 54:58.830] [SPEAKER_01]: All right.
[54:58.990 --> 55:00.850] [SPEAKER_01]: And we have this update.
[55:01.430 --> 55:09.890] [SPEAKER_01]: We wanted to talk about the Bradley Manning case, the whole State Department controversy, where the spokesman actually had to resign because of things he said.
[55:10.170 --> 55:11.370] [SPEAKER_01]: We'll speak about that next week.
[55:11.430 --> 55:23.450] [SPEAKER_01]: But we do want to tell people that on the 20th, which is Sunday, actually on the 19th and 20th, there will be all kinds of demonstrations throughout the country, maybe throughout the world, about Bradley Manning.
[55:23.450 --> 55:29.730] [SPEAKER_01]: And go to www.bradleymanning.org for updates on things that are going on in your area.
[55:30.250 --> 55:37.210] [SPEAKER_01]: And write to us at oth@2600.com with your feedback, comments, things like that.
[55:37.410 --> 55:38.530] [SPEAKER_01]: Again, thanks for listening.
[55:38.650 --> 55:39.190] [SPEAKER_01]: We'll see you next week.
[56:09.500 --> 56:11.480] [SPEAKER_03]: We'll see you next week.
[56:24.580 --> 56:32.860] [SPEAKER_03]: We'll see you next week.
[57:07.460 --> 57:09.940] [SPEAKER_02]: We'll see you next week.
[57:13.720 --> 57:14.660] This is the first sentence.
[57:15.300 --> 57:18.860] [SPEAKER_02]: And this is the first sentence.
[57:18.980 --> 57:42.460] [SPEAKER_03]: And this is the second one.
[57:56.480 --> 57:58.580] [SPEAKER_03]: This is the second one.
[58:14.840 --> 58:16.220] [SPEAKER_04]: Hello, hello.
[58:16.660 --> 58:17.380] [SPEAKER_04]: Hello, hello.
[58:17.880 --> 58:18.880] [SPEAKER_04]: Bonjour, bonjour.
[58:20.480 --> 58:21.580] [SPEAKER_04]: Hola, hola.
[58:21.980 --> 58:22.800] [SPEAKER_05]: Hola, hola.
[58:23.280 --> 58:24.040] [SPEAKER_05]: Konnichiwa.
[58:51.300 --> 58:52.460] [SPEAKER_05]: Uh-huh.
[58:53.880 --> 58:54.460] [SPEAKER_15]: Yeah.
[58:55.320 --> 58:56.300] [SPEAKER_15]: The Rastaman.
[58:56.940 --> 59:03.540] [SPEAKER_15]: Yes, they're going after the poor man from the army because he leaked the government secrets and thing.
[59:03.820 --> 59:04.980] [SPEAKER_15]: Oh, do you know what?
[59:04.980 --> 59:06.340] [SPEAKER_15]: I have the wrong accent.
[59:06.560 --> 59:23.560] [SPEAKER_15]: I need the accent for St. Paddy's because tomorrow is St. Paddy's Day, which that means today is March the 16th, 2011 at WBAI New York 99.5 FM.